In a hovering helicopter equipped with a tail rotor, directional control is maintained by?

Directional control in a hovering helicopter equipped with a tail rotor is maintained by varying the pitch of the tail rotor blades. The main function of the tail rotor is to counteract the torque produced by the main rotor, which tends to rotate the fuselage in the opposite direction. By adjusting the angle (or pitch) of the tail rotor blades, the pilot can control the thrust produced by the tail rotor, thus managing the helicopter's yaw (rotation around the vertical axis) and maintaining directional stability.

When the pilot increases the tail rotor pitch, it generates more thrust to counteract the main rotor's torque, causing the helicopter to yaw in the opposite direction. Conversely, reducing the tail rotor pitch decreases thrust, allowing the helicopter to yaw in the direction of the main rotor torque. This dynamic control is crucial for responsive and stable flight, especially while hovering when the helicopter is more susceptible to disturbances and requires precise adjustments to maintain position and orientation.

In contrast, the other options do not provide the specific means for achieving directional control. While varying the collective pitch affects the lift and overall performance of the helicopter, it does not directly influence yaw control. Shifting the center of gravity can impact stability and control but is not a primary method for directional adjustments in hover. Alter