In what situation would you use a shim in assembly?

Using a shim in assembly is primarily effective for adjusting for gaps or uneven attachments between components. Shims are thin pieces of material used to fill small spaces or provide support in a way that ensures proper alignment and stability of joined components. They help achieve a tight fit in applications where precision is crucial, such as machinery or structural assemblies. By inserting a shim, you can maintain correct spacing, enhance functionality, and reduce wear or stress on adjoining parts that may have uneven surfaces.

The other options, while relevant in their own contexts, do not accurately represent the primary function of a shim. For instance, increasing load capacity is not typically achieved through the use of shims, as their role is more about spacing rather than reinforcing structures. Strengthening structural integrity usually involves the use of more robust components or assemblies rather than shims, which are intended for minor adjustments. Aligning electrical components can be done using shims in some cases, but the primary purpose of a shim is more generalized towards correcting gaps and ensuring fit rather than specifically addressing alignment of electrical parts.